SIGN 136: Management of bladder cancer

Zusammenfassung

SIGN 136 • Management of chronic pain A national clinical guideline December 2013 Evidence Help us to improve SIGN guidelines - click here to complete our survey KEY TO EVIDENCE STATEMENTS AND GRADES OF RECOMMENDATIONS LEVELS OF EVIDENCE 1 ++ High quality meta-analyses, systematic reviews of RCTs, or RCTs with a very low risk of bias 1 + Well conducted meta-analyses, systematic reviews, or RCTs with a low risk of bias 1 - Meta-analyses, systematic reviews, or RCTs with a high risk of bias

Kerninformationen

SIGN guidelines are produced using a standard methodology that has been equality impact assessed to ensure that these equality aims are addressed in every guideline. This methodology is set out in the current version of SIGN 50, our guideline manual, which can be found at www.sign.ac.uk/guidelines...

Management of chronic pain. Edinburgh: SIGN; 2013. (SIGN publication no. 136). [December 2013]. Available from URL: http://www.sign.ac.uk SIGN consents to the photocopying of this guideline for the purpose of implementation in NHSScotland . Management of chronic pain Management of chronic pain Co...

Chronic pain not only has an impact on affected individuals and their families, it also has substantial economic costs. For example, back pain alone was estimated to cost £12 billion per annum in the UK in 1998, and arthritis-associated pain costs around 2.5% of the gross national product of West...

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